XTT (sodium salt) is a highly water-soluble, low-cell-permeable, and non-toxic tetrazolium salt that serves as an indicator of cellular metabolic activity[1]. In living cells, XTT (sodium salt) is reduced by mitochondrial dehydrogenases (such as succinate dehydrogenase) to form an orange water-soluble formazan product, thereby indirectly reflecting the metabolic activity and viability of the cells[2]. The maximum absorption wavelength of XTT (sodium salt) is 450-490nm; the absorbance is proportional to the number of living cells[3]. XTT (sodium salt) is commonly used for colorimetric detection of cell viability and proliferation, and this reaction requires the participation of an electron-coupling agent (such as phenazine methosulfate (PMS) or menadione)[4]. XTT (sodium salt) is typically used in cell toxicity, drug screening, antibacterial activity, and cell proliferation studies[5-7].
References:
[1] Lu JH, Chiu YT, Sung HW, et al. XTT-colorimetric assay as a marker of viability in cryoprocessed cardiac valve. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1997;29(4):1189-1194.
[2] Scudiero DA, Shoemaker RH, Paull KD, et al. Evaluation of a soluble tetrazolium/formazan assay for cell growth and drug sensitivity in culture using human and other tumor cell lines. Cancer Res. 1988;48(17):4827-4833.
[3] Zhao Q, Ernst JT, Hamilton AD, Debnath AK, Jiang S. XTT formazan widely used to detect cell viability inhibits HIV type 1 infection in vitro by targeting gp41. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2002;18(14):989-997.
[4] Roehm NW, Rodgers GH, Hatfield SM, Glasebrook AL. An improved colorimetric assay for cell proliferation and viability utilizing the tetrazolium salt XTT. J Immunol Methods. 1991;142(2):257-265.
[5] Brosin A, Wolf V, Mattheus A, Heise H. Use of XTT-assay to assess the cytotoxicity of different surfactants and metal salts in human keratinocytes (HaCaT). A feasible method for in vitro testing of skin irritants. Acta Derm Venereol. 1997;77(1):26-28.
[6] Alotaibi AM, Promdet P, Hwang GB, et al. Zn and N Codoped TiO2 Thin Films: Photocatalytic and Bactericidal Activity. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021;13(8):10480-10489.
[7] Petel R, Moskovitz M, Tickotsky N, Halabi A, Goldstein J, Houri-Haddad Y. Cytotoxicity and proliferative effects of Iodoform-containing root canal-filling material on RAW 264.7 macrophage and RKO epithelial cell lines. Arch Oral Biol. 2013;58(1):75-81.
XTT (sodium salt)是一种高水溶性、细胞渗透性低、无毒的四唑盐,是细胞代谢活性指示剂[1]。在活细胞中，XTT (sodium salt)通过线粒体脱氢酶（如琥珀酸脱氢酶）将黄色的XTT还原为橙色的水溶性甲臜产物，从而间接反映细胞的代谢活性和存活状态[2]。XTT (sodium salt)最大吸收波长为 450–490nm；吸光度与活细胞数目成正比[3]。XTT (sodium salt)常用于细胞活力和增殖的比色法检测，该反应需电子偶联剂（如吩嗪硫酸甲酯（PMS）或 menadione）参与[4]。XTT (sodium salt)通常用于细胞毒性、药物筛选、抗菌活性及细胞增殖研究[5][6][7]。