Risuteganib is an anti-integrin peptide and a derivative of RGD peptide .1 Risuteganib (400 µM) protects against hydroquinone-induced necrosis and apoptosis, as well as inhibits hydroquinone-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.2 It decreases the expression of BAX, VEGFA, and ITB1 in human age-related macular degeneration (AMD) cybrid cell lines when used at a concentration of 20 mg/ml.3 Risuteganib arrests aberrant blood vessel growth mediated by αVβ3, αVβ5, and α5β1 integrins in vivo.1
1.Kaiser, P., Boyer, D.D., Campochiaro, P.A., et al.Integrin peptide therapy: The first wet AMD experienceInvest. Opth. Vis. Sci.54(15)2177(2013) 2.Yang, P., Shao, Z., Besley, N.A., et al.Risuteganib protects against hydroquinone-induced injury in human RPE cellsInvest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.61(10)35(2020) 3.Differential effects of risuteganib and bevacizumab on AMD cybrid cellsExp. Eye Res.203108287(2021)