N-Nitrosodibutylamine is an N-nitrosamine.1 It induces apoptosis and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HL-60 leukemia cells when used at concentrations of 10 and 20 mM.2 N-Nitrosodibutylamine (0.05% in the drinking water) induces tumor formation in rats.3 It has been found in various food products, including fresh vegetables and pork, and influent and effluent of wastewater.1,4
1.Park, J.-E., Seo, J.-E., Lee, J.-Y., et al.Distribution of seven N-nitrosamines in foodToxicol. Res.31(3)279-288(2015) 2.García, A., Morales, P., Arranz, N., et al.Induction of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species production by N-nitrosopiperidine and N-nitrosodibutylamine in human leukemia cellsJ. Appl. Toxicol.28(4)455-465(2008) 3.Okajima, E., Hiramatsu, T., Motomiya, Y., et al.Effect of DL-tryptophan on tumorigenesis in the urinary bladder and liver of rats treated with N-nitrosodibutylamineGan.62(3)163-169(1971) 4.Krauss, M., Longrée, P., Dorusch, F., et al.Occurrence and removal of N-nitrosamines in wastewater treatment plantsWater Res.43(17)4381-4391(2009)