Myristoleic acid is a biologically active unsaturated fatty acid that can be extracted from the seeds of plants of the Myristicaceae family or biosynthesized from myristic acid by desaturase in vivo[1, 2]. Myristoleic acid has cytotoxic effects and can induce apoptosis and necrosis of human prostate cells[3, 4]. Myristoleic acid can inhibit the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes and the mixed biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus, and regulate the expression of several biofilm-related genes, such as lipase, hyaluronan lyase, and virulence-related genes[5].
In vivo, Myristoleic acid (0.2, 2mg/kg) treated C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal injection for 4 days inhibited the formation of TRAP-positive osteoclasts induced by sRANKL and attenuated the increase in osteoclast surface per bone surface (OC.S/BS), osteoclasts per bone perimeter (OC/B.Pm), and eroded surface per bone surface (ES/BS) in a dose-dependent manner[6].
References:
[1] Gao B, Yu L. Bioactive Fatty Acids[J]. 2025.
[2] Liu Y, Shen N, Xin H, et al. Unsaturated fatty acids in natural edible resources, a systematic review of classification, resources, biosynthesis, biological activities and application[J]. Food Bioscience, 2023, 53: 102790.
[3] Zhou Y, Xu J, MacIsaac H J, et al. Comparative metabolomic analysis of exudates of microcystin-producing and microcystin-free Microcystis aeruginosa strains[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2023, 13: 1075621.
[4] Iguchi K, Okumura N, Usui S, et al. Myristoleic acid, a cytotoxic component in the extract from Serenoa repens, induces apoptosis and necrosis in human prostatic LNCaP cells[J]. The prostate, 2001, 47(1): 59-65.
[5] Kim Y G, Lee J H, Lee J. Antibiofilm activities of fatty acids including myristoleic acid against Cutibacterium acnes via reduced cell hydrophobicity[J]. Phytomedicine, 2021, 91: 153710.
[6] Kwon J O, Jin W J, Kim B, et al. Myristoleic acid inhibits osteoclast formation and bone resorption by suppressing the RANKL activation of Src and Pyk2[J]. European journal of pharmacology, 2015, 768: 189-198.
Myristoleic Acid一种生物活性不饱和脂肪酸，能够从肉豆蔻科植物种子中提取，或由肉豆蔻酸通过生物体内的去饱和酶生物合成[1, 2]。Myristoleic Acid具有细胞毒性作用，能够诱导人前列腺细胞的凋亡和坏死[3, 4]。Myristoleic Acid能够抑制痤疮丙酸杆菌的生物膜形成以及痤疮丙酸杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的混合生物膜形成，并调节几种生物膜相关基因的表达，例如脂肪酶、透明质酸裂解酶和毒力相关基因[5]。
在体内，Myristoleic Acid（0.2, 2mg/kg）通过腹腔注射处理C57BL/6小鼠4天，抑制了sRANKL诱导的TRAP阳性破骨细胞的生成，并以剂量依赖性方式减弱每骨表面破骨细胞表面（OC.S/BS）、每骨周长破骨细胞（OC/B.Pm）和每骨表面侵蚀表面（ES/BS）的破骨细胞指数的增加[6]。