Luteoloside

Luteoloside is a flavonoid that has been found in many Chinese herbs with diverse biological activities. It reduces lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and caspase-3 activities and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increases cell viability and 14-3-3η protein levels in H9C2 cardiomyocytes after anoxia/reoxygenation injury. Luteoloside blocks 3C protease activity (IC50 = 0.36 mM) and reduces the cytopathic effect of enterovirus 71 in rhabdomyosarcoma cells (EC50 = 0.43 mM). It inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells in vitro via reduction in ROS accumulation, caspase-1 activity, and expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and reduces the number of lung metastases in an SMMC-7721 HCC mouse xenograft model when administered at a dose of 2 mg/kg. Luteoloside also reduces acanthosis and expression of epidermal differentiation markers in a mouse model of psoriasis induced by imiquimod .