LCC-12 (formate)

LCC-12 is a copper (II) chelator and derivative of the biguanide metformin .¹ It binds copper (II) as a monomer and reduces its drogen peroxide-dependent oxidation of NADH to NAD⁺ when used at a concentration of 20 µM. LCC-12 (10 µM) decreases the levels of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α, as well as levels of JAK2, STAT2, and IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), in primary human cytokine-activated monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). It reduces the numbers of CD80⁺ and CD86⁺ cytokine-activated MDMs when used at a concentration of 10 µM. LCC-12 (0.3 mg/kg per day) increases survival in mouse models of sepsis induced by LPS or cecal ligation and puncture.