Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (LNFPI) is a human milk oligosaccharide (HMO), possessing antiviral and antibacterial activity. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can reduce capsid protein VP1 to block virus adsorption, promote CDK2 and reduce cyclin E to recover cell cycle S phase block. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I inhibits ROS production and apoptosis in virus-infected cells. Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can also regulate intestinal microbiota to affect immune system development.
Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (25-3200 μg/mL;48 h) exhibits certain cytotoxicity at 3200 μg/mL but no toxic reaction below 1600 μg/mL[1].
Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (25-1600 μg/mL; 14-18 h) can protect EV71-infected RD cells from death[1].
Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (100-400 μg/mL; 16 h) decreases markedly mRNA levels of VP1 and ROS production in EV71-infected RD cells at 400 μg/mL; leads to the recovery of EV71-induced S phase arrest in RD cells[1].
Lacto-N-fucopentaose I (100 and 200 μg/mL; 3 days) inhibits cell apoptosis in Caenorhabditis elegans; significantly decreases the levels of Egl-1, Ced-3 and Ced-4[1].
Lacto-N-fucopentaose I can reduce the abundance of Sphingobacterium, Stenotrophomonas and Achromobacter; can increase the abundance of Micromonospora, Vibrio, Acidibacter, Gaiella, Devosia, Steroidobacter, Variibacter, Dactylosporangium, RB41, Pir4_lineage, Pirellula, Haliangium, Roseiflexus, Pedomicrobium, and Bradyrhizobium.
<p >References:
[1]. Gao X, et al. Fucosylated oligosaccharide Lacto-N-fucopentaose I ameliorates enterovirus 71 infection by inhibiting apoptosis. Food Chem X. 2022 Feb 4;13:100244.