Icariside D2, isolated from Annona glabra fruit, inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme. Icariside D2 shows significant cytotoxic activity on the HL-60 cell line with the IC50 value of 9.0 ± 1.0 μM. Icariside D2 induces apoptosis .
Icariside D2 3 induces apoptosis via alteration of expression of apoptosis-related proteins and decreases phosphorylation of AKT in HL-60 cells[1].
Icariside D2 exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-HIV activity[3].
References:
[1]. Nguyen Thi Thu Hien, et al. Chemical Constituents of the Annona Glabra Fruit and Their Cytotoxic Activity. Pharm Biol. 2015;53(11):1602-7.
[2]. Xue Liu, et al. Metabolic Engineering Escherichia coli for Efficient Production of Icariside D2. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2019 Nov 6;12:261.
[3]. Jin-YuLi, et al. Three new acylated prenylflavonol glycosides from Epimedium koreanum. Phytochemistry Letters Volume 17, September 2016, Pages 206-212.