Genz-123346 free base

Animal experiment:

Rats: Genz-123346 is dissolved in water. Zucker diabetic fatty rats treated with Genz-123346 (75 mg/kg) for 6 weeks are fasted overnight. The following morning, the fasted rats are anesthetized and injected with 5 units human insulin into the hepatic portal vein. Quadriceps muscle and liver are harvested 2 min after injection and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Insulin receptor is immunoprecipitated. The immunoprecipitates are analyzed by immunoblotting[1]. Mice: C57BL/6 mice are fed on a high-fat (45% of kcal) diet for 8 weeks, obese mice with comparable body weight gain, glucose, and insulin levels are assigned to either the treated or control groups. The mice are then gavaged daily with Genz-123346 or water for 10 weeks[1].

References:

[1]. Zhao H, et al. Inhibiting glycosphingolipid synthesis improves glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in animal models of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2007 May;56(5):1210-8.
[2]. Chai L, et al. The chemosensitizing activity of inhibitors of glucosylceramide synthase is mediated primarily through modulation of P-gp function. Int J Oncol. 2011 Mar;38(3):701-11.
[3]. Shen W, et al. Inhibition of glucosylceramide synthase stimulates autophagy flux in neurons. J Neurochem. 2014 Jun;129(5):884-94
[4]. Natoli TA, et al. Inhibition of glucosylceramide accumulation results in effective blockade of polycystic kidney disease in mouse models. Nat Med. 2010 Jul;16(7):788-92.