Bacopaside I is a saponin that has been found in B. monniera and has diverse biological activities.1,2,3,4 It inhibits monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and MAO-B (IC50s = 17.08 and 94.22 ?g/ml, respectively).1 Bacopaside I (5, 15, and 50 mg/kg) decreases immobility time in the tail suspension and forced swim tests, as well as brain malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increases brain superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities in mice.2 It increases time spent in the target quadrant in the Morris water maze and reduces amyloid plaque formation in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.3 Bacopaside I (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg) reduces cerebral edema and infarct volume in a rat model of transient focal ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion.4
1.Singh, R., Ramakrishna, R., Bhateria, M., et al.In vitro evaluation of Bacopa monniera extract and individual constituents on human recombinant monoamine oxidase enzymesPhytother. Res.28(9)1419-1422(2014) 2.Liu, X., Liu, F., Yue, R., et al.The antidepressant-like effect of bacopaside I: Possible involvement of the oxidative stress system and the noradrenergic systemPharmacol. Biochem. Behav.110224-230(2013) 3.Li, Y., Yuan, X., Shen, Y., et al.Bacopaside I ameliorates cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice via immune‐mediated clearance of β‐amyloidAging (Albany NY)8(3)521-533(2016) 4.Liu, X., Yue, R., Zhang, J., et al.Neuroprotective effects of bacopaside I in ischemic brain injuryRestor. Neurol. Neurosci.31(2)109-123(2013)