FITC (Fluorescein isothiocyanate) is the most commonly used green fluorescent dye derivative in biological research and is widely used in flow cytometry experiments to stain proteins, cell nuclei and subnuclear particles[1]. The maximum excitation/emission wavelengths of FITC are 495/519 nm respectively[2]. The isothiocyanate group of FITC can combine with amino, sulfhydryl, imidazole, tyrosyl, carbonyl and other groups on proteins to achieve protein labeling including antibodies and lectins[3]. FITC has the characteristics of high absorption rate and excellent fluorescence quantum yield[4]. FITC can also be used as a protein fluorescent tracer to quickly identify pathogens by labeling antibodies, or for micro-sequencing of proteins and peptides[5].
References:
[1] Wulff S, Martin K, Vandergaw A, et al. Guide to flow cytometry[M]. Dako Cytomation., 2006.
[2] Jaklová Dytrtová J, Moslova K, Jakl M, et al. Fluorescein isothiocyanate stability in different solvents[J]. Monatshefte für Chemie-Chemical Monthly, 2021, 152: 1299-1306.
[3] Immunochemistry of Proteins: Volume 1[M]. Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.
[4]Zhang X F, Zhang J, Liu L. Fluorescence properties of twenty fluorescein derivatives: lifetime, quantum yield, absorption and emission spectra[J]. Journal of fluorescence, 2014, 24: 819-826.
[5]Vu T. Synthesis, characterisation and biological activity of FITC-insulin for the development of an artificial pancreas[J]. 2021.
FITC (Fluorescein isothiocyanate)异硫氰酸荧光素是生物研究中最常用的一种绿色荧光素衍生物，广泛用于流式细胞术实验中对蛋白质、细胞核和亚核颗粒进行染色[1]。FITC的最大激发光/发射光波长分别为495/519 nm[2]。FITC的异硫氰酸基团可与蛋白质上的氨基、巯基、咪唑、酪氨酰、羰基等基团相结合，从而实现包括抗体，凝集素在内的蛋白标记[3]。FITC具有高吸收率和优良的荧光量子产率等特点[4]。FITC还可用作蛋白质荧光示踪剂，通过标记抗体而快速鉴定病原体，或是用于蛋白质和多肽的微量测序[5]。