Eurycomanone is a quassinoid originally isolated from E. longifolia that has diverse biological activities.1 It is active against the W2 and D6 clones of P. falciparum (IC50s = 0.015 and 0.026 ?g/ml, respectively).2 Eurycomanone induces lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes with an EC50 value of 14.6 ?M, an effect that can be blocked by the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 .3 It induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and apoptosis in HepG2 cells when used at a concentration of 5 ?g/ml.4 It reduces estrogen release and increases testosterone release in isolated rat Leydig cell-rich testicular interstitial cell preparations when used at concentrations of 1 and 10 ?M.5 Eurycomanone (1 mg/kg, i.p.) decreases gastric acid secretion and lesion size in rat models of indomethacin-, water immersion stress-, or pyloric ligation-induced ulcer formation.6
1.Darise, M., Kohda, H., Mizutani, K., et al.Eurycomanone and eurycomanol, quassinoids from the roots of Eurycoma longifoliaPhytochemistry21(8)2091-2093(1982) 2.Kuo, P.-C., Damu, A.G., Lee, K.-H., et al.Cytotoxic and antimalarial constituents from the roots of Eurycoma longifoliaBioorg. Med. Chem.12(3)537-544(2004) 3.Lahrita, L., Hirosawa, R., Kato, E., et al.Isolation and lipolytic activity of eurycomanone and its epoxy derivative from Eurycoma longifoliaBioorg. Med. Chem.25(17)4829-4834(2017) 4.Zakaria, Y., Rahmat, A., Pihie, A.H.L., et al.Eurycomanone induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells via up-regulation of p53Cancer Cell Int.9(2009) 5.Low, B.-S., Choi, S.-B., Wahab, H.A., et al.Eurycomanone, the major quassinoid in Eurycoma longifolia root extract increases spermatogenesis by inhibiting the activity of phosphodiesterase and aromatase in steroidogenesisJ. Ethnopharmacol.149(1)201-207(2013) 6.Tada, H., Yasuda, F., Otani, K., et al.New antiulcer quassinoids from Eurycoma longifoliaEur. J. Med. Chem.26(3)345-349(1991)