DDAO is a near-infrared (NIR) red fluorescent probe with tunable excitation wavelength (600-650nm) and long emission wavelength (λem=656nm) and a relatively low pKa (~5)[1]. DDAO can be used to detect the activities of different enzymes, such as β-galactosidase, sulfatase, protein phosphatase 2A, carboxylesterase 2, human albumin, and esterase. There is a linear relationship between protein phosphatase 2A (PP-2A) concentration and DDAO-induced fluorescence[2]. DDAO can be used to study the phagocytosis of cancer cells by macrophages[3]. DDAO can be used to study the proliferation of B cells[4].
References:
[1] Hou J, Qian M, Zhao H, et al. A near-infrared ratiometric/turn-on fluorescent probe for in vivo imaging of hydrogen peroxide in a murine model of acute inflammation[J]. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2018, 1024: 169-176.
[2] Leira F, Vieites J M, Vieytes M R, et al. Characterization of 9H-(1, 3-dichlor-9, 9-dimethylacridin-2-ona-7-yl)-phosphate (DDAO) as substrate of PP-2A in a fluorimetric microplate assay for diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSP)[J]. Toxicon, 2000, 38(12): 1833-1844.
[3] Candas-Green D, Xie B, Huang J, et al. Dual blockade of CD47 and HER2 eliminates radioresistant breast cancer cells[J]. Nature communications, 2020, 11(1): 4591.
[4] Malinova D, Wasim L, Newman R, et al. Endophilin A2 regulates B‐cell endocytosis and is required for germinal center and humoral responses[J]. EMBO reports, 2021, 22(9): e51328.
DDAO是一种近红外（NIR）红色荧光探针，具有可调激发波长（600-650nm）和长发射波长（λem=656nm）和相对较低的pKa（~5）[1]。 DDAO能够用于检测不同酶的活性，例如β-半乳糖苷酶、硫酸酯酶、蛋白磷酸酶2A、羧酸酯酶2、人白蛋白和酯酶。 蛋白磷酸酶2A（PP-2A）浓度与DDAO诱导的荧光之间存在线性关系[2]。DDAO能够用于研究巨噬细胞对癌细胞的吞噬作用[3]。DDAO能够用于研究B细胞的增殖[4]。