Dantrolene-13C3

Dantrolene-13C3 is the 13C3 labeled Dantrolene. Dantrolene (F368), a muscle relaxant, non-competitively inhibits human erythrocyte glutathione reductase. Ki and IC50 values are 111.6 μM and 52.3 μM, respectively. Dantrolene is a ryanodine receptor antagonist and Ca2+ signaling stabilizer. Dantrolene can be used for the research of muscle spasticity, malignant hyperthermia, Huntington's disease and other neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Stable heavy isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, and other elements have been incorporated into drug molecules, largely as tracers for quantitation during the drug development process. Deuteration has gained attention because of its potential to affect the pharmacokinetic and metabolic profiles of drugs^[1].

References:
[1]. Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Feb;53(2):211-216.
[2]. W J Meyler, et al. The effect of dantrolene sodium on rat skeletal muscle in relation to the plasma concentration. Eur J Pharmacol. 1979 Feb 1;53(4):335-42.
[3]. F Zhao, et al. Dantrolene inhibition of ryanodine receptor Ca2+ release channels. Molecular mechanism and isoform selectivity. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 27;276(17):13810-6.
[4]. Murat Sentürk, et al. Dantrolene inhibits human erythrocyte glutathione reductase. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Nov;31(11):2036-9.
[5]. Shigeki Kobayashi, et al. Dantrolene, a therapeutic agent for malignant hyperthermia, markedly improves the function of failing cardiomyocytes by stabilizing interdomain interactions within the ryanodine receptor. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 May 26;53(21):1993-2005.
[6]. Xi Chen, et al. Dantrolene is neuroprotective in Huntington's disease transgenic mouse model. Mol Neurodegener. 2011 Nov 25;6:81.