Apramycin (Nebramycin II)

目录号: GC32288纯度: >95.00%同义词: 安普霉素

Apramycin (Nebramycin II)是一种动物用氨基糖苷类抗生素，广泛用于治疗沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌和其他感染。

Cas No.: 37321-09-8

规格	价格	库存	数量
100mg	¥625.00	现货	1
1g	¥2,295.00	现货	1
5g	¥4,230.00	现货	1

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Nature
641, 529–536 (2025)
Nature
628, 630–638 (2024)
Nature
632, 686–694 (2024)
Nature
618, 1017–1023 (2023)
Nature
610, 366–372 (2022)
Cell
187(9):2288-2304 (2024)
Cell
183(7):1867-1883 (2020)
Science
388(6745) (2025)
Science
387(6739) (2025)
Science
387(6734) (2025)
Cell Research
35, 97–116 (2025)
Cell Research
34, 683–706 (2024)
Cell Research
33, 273–287 (2023)
Cell Research
33, 546–561 (2023)
Cell Research
33, 904–922 (2023)
Cell Research
31, 1291–1307 (2021)

产品描述 Description

Apramycin (Nebramycin II), an aminoglycoside antibiotic for animals, is widely used to treat Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and other infections^[1]. Apramycin showed potent in-vitro activity against hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant K pneumoniae isolates, including those resistant to amikacin or gentamicin^[2].

Apramycin (50mg/L, overnight) was used as a selection marker to successfully select isolates with the restoration of functional wild type Ompk35 or Ompk36^[3].

Apramycin (20mg/kg, i.p.) and citrulline combined with glutamine significantly improved the body condition of the infected mice^[1]. Apramycin (20, 80, or 500mg/kg, s.c.) demonstrated a dramatic therapeutic effect against A. baumannii strains MSRN7465, MSRN1450 and FDA-CDC278 in neutropenic murine thigh infection model^[4].

References:
[1] Yong Y, Zhou Y, Liu K, et al. Exogenous citrulline and glutamine contribute to reverse the resistance of Salmonella to apramycin. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021 Oct 14;12:759170.
[2] Melchiorri D, Rocke T, Alm RA, et al. Addressing urgent priorities in antibiotic development: insights from WHO 2023 antibacterial clinical pipeline analyses. The Lancet Microbe. 2024 Oct 22.
[3] Sun L, Li H, Wang Q, et al. Increased gene expression and copy number of mutated bla KPC lead to high-level ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. BMC microbiology. 2021 Dec;21:1-0.
[4] Kang AD, Smith KP, Berg AH, et al. Efficacy of apramycin against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the murine neutropenic thigh model. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2018 Apr;62(4):10-128.

Apramycin (Nebramycin II)是一种动物用氨基糖苷类抗生素，广泛用于治疗沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌和其他感染^[1]。Apramycin对高毒力的耐卡巴培南肺炎克雷伯菌分离株（包括对阿米卡星或庆大霉素有耐药性的分离株）表现出强效的体外活性^[2]。

Apramycin（50mg/L，过夜）被用作选择标记，成功筛选出恢复功能性野生型Ompk35或Ompk36的分离株^[3]。

Apramycin（20mg/kg，腹腔注射）和瓜氨酸与谷氨酰胺联合使用可显著改善受感染小鼠的身体状况^[1]。Apramycin（20、80或500mg/kg，皮下注射）在粒细胞减少性小鼠大腿感染模型中对鲍曼不动杆菌菌株MSRN7465、MSRN1450和FDA-CDC278表现出显著的治疗效果^[4]。

实验参考方法 Experimental Reference Method

Cell experiment [1]:
Cell lines	The competent cells of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates
Preparation Method	The competent cells of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates were prepared using 10% glycerol. The mixture of 50μl electrocompetent cells and 5μl plasmid was transferred into a 2mm electroporation cuvette and electroporated using MicroPuler System (Bio-Rad) at 2.5kV. The cells were plated onto Luria-Bertani (LB) agar containing Apramycin at 50mg/L. The plates were incubated at 37°C overnight, and the successful clone was identified using PCR and sequencing. PCR detection for the presence of beta-lactamase genes encoding carbapenemases, ESBL associated genes, and plasmid-borne AmpC beta-lactamases were performed. Outer membrane protein genes were amplified by PCR. PCR amplicons were sequenced and compared with sequences available in the GenBank database using BLAST searches.
Reaction Conditions	50mg/L, overnight
Applications	Apramycin was used as a selection marker to successfully select isolates with the restoration of functional wild type Ompk35 or Ompk36.
Animal experiment [2]:
Animal models	Neutropenia mouse Apramycin-resistant Salmonella strains infection model
Preparation Method	Ninety healthy female mice were divided into nine groups, with 10 mice in each group. The groups comprised the negative control group without bacterial infection, the positive control group (mice infected with drug-resistant bacteria but without any treatment), and the other seven groups were treated with Apramycin, citrulline, glutamine, Apramycin plus citrulline, Apramycin plus glutamine, or Apramycin plus citrulline plus glutamine, respectively, after infection with drug-resistant bacteria. All animals were tested and found to be Salmonella typhimurium-free before the start of experiments. Eighty mice were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide for 5 days to establish a neutropenia model. After the establishment of the model, 0.1ml Apramycin-induced Salmonella typhimurium (Apr-R-CICC21484) suspension was injected intraperitoneally at a concentration of 10⁷ colony-forming units/ml. At 12h after infection, the mice in the experimental group were injected intraperitoneally with Apramycin or citrulline and glutamine. The doses of Apramycin, citrulline, and glutamine used in the experiment were 20mg/kg body weight (b.w.), 240mg/kg b.w., and 200mg/kg b.w., respectively. At 24h after treatment, all mice were euthanized. The liver, spleen, and blood of all mice were collected under sterile conditions and placed in saline. The tissue or blood of each mouse was homogenized separately, diluted with saline, and inoculated on different nutrient agar plates. Finally, the bacterial load of each mouse liver, spleen, and a blood sample was calculated to evaluate the effect of different treatment schemes.
Dosage form	20mg/kg, i.p.
Applications	Apramycin and citrulline combined with glutamine significantly improved the body condition of the infected mice.
References: [1] Sun L, Li H, Wang Q, et al. Increased gene expression and copy number of mutated bla KPC lead to high-level ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae. BMC microbiology. 2021 Dec;21:1-0. [2] Yong Y, Zhou Y, Liu K, et al. Exogenous citrulline and glutamine contribute to reverse the resistance of Salmonella to apramycin. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2021 Oct 14;12:759170.

产品文档 Product Documents

批次：Purity:>95.00%

化学性质Chemical Properties

CAS 号

37321-09-8

同义词

安普霉素

SMILES

O[C@H]1[C@](O[C@H](O[C@@]([C@H](C[C@H]2N)N)([H])[C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)[C@H](N)C3)([H])[C@@]3([H])O[C@H](O[C@@]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]4N)O)([H])O[C@@H]4CO)[C@H]1NC

分子式

C₂₁H₄₁N₅O₁₁

分子量

539.58 g/mol

溶解性

Soluble in DMSO

保存条件

Store at -20°C

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