Anemoside B4 is the active component of Pulsatilla chinensis and possesses potential anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties[1]. Anemoside B4 improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction by regulating the HTR2A/ERK pathway[2]. Anemoside B4 has been widely used in dairy cows to alleviate mastitis symptoms, reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulate pathogenic bacteria[3].
In vitro, Anemoside B4 treatment for 4h decreased the copy of SARS-CoV-2 with an IC50 value of 34.18 ± 2.59µM in HPAEpiC cells [4]. Anemoside B4 treatment for 6 days significantly inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced differentiation of mouse bone marrow macrophages into osteoclasts with an IC50 value of 10μM[5]. Treatment of Raw 264.7 cells with 1mg/ml Anemoside B4 for 24 hours significantly inhibited cell viability, induced cell apoptosis, and decreased TLR4 protein expression[6].
In vivo, Anemoside B4 treatment via intraperitoneal injection (5mg/kg; twice a day) for 8 weeks significantly reduced blood glucose and triglyceride levels and alleviated kidney damage in diabetic rats[7]. Oral administration of Anemoside B4 (200mg/kg/day) daily for 18 days reduced disease severity and inhibited inflammation and demyelination in the spinal cord of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice[8].
References:
[1] Li Y, Zou M, Han Q, et al. Therapeutic potential of triterpenoid saponin anemoside B4 from Pulsatilla chinensis[J]. Pharmacological Research, 2020, 160: 105079.
[2] Lv M, Sun Q, Yu Y, et al. Anemoside B4 improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction by regulating HTR2A/ERK pathway[J]. International Immunopharmacology, 2025, 164: 115394.
[3] Shen L, Shen Y, Zhang Y, et al. Effects of anemoside B4 on plasma metabolites in cows with clinical mastitis[J]. Veterinary Sciences, 2023, 10(7): 437.
[4] Xiao M, Luo R, Liang Q, et al. Anemoside B4 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in vitro and in vivo[J]. Chinese Herbal Medicines, 2024, 16(1): 106-112.
[5] Cao Z, Niu X, Wang M, et al. Anemoside B4 attenuates RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by upregulating Nrf2 and dampens ovariectomy-induced bone loss[J]. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2023, 167: 115454.
[6] Ma H, Zhou M, Duan W, et al. Anemoside B4 prevents acute ulcerative colitis through inhibiting of TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway[J]. International Immunopharmacology, 2020, 87: 106794.
[7] Luan H, Ning L, Zheng-Xia Z, et al. Anemoside B4 Alleviates the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy In Vitro and In Vivo[J]. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2021, 31(3): 310-321.
[8] Zou M, Chen F, Deng L, et al. Anemoside B4 ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice by modulating inflammatory responses and the gut microbiota[J]. European Journal of Pharmacology, 2022, 931: 175185.
Anemoside B4是中药白头翁的主要活性成分，具有抗炎和抗肿瘤活性[1]。Anemoside B4可通过调控HTR2A/ERK信号通路改善心肌梗死后的心脏功能[2]。Anemoside B4已广泛应用于奶牛乳腺炎的治疗，能有效缓解临床症状、降低促炎细胞因子水平及调控致病菌[3]。
在体外，Anemoside B4处理人肺腺上皮细胞4小时可抑制SARS-CoV-2病毒复制，IC50值为34.18±2.59µM[4]。Anemoside B4处理小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞6天能显著抑制receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)诱导的破骨细胞分化，IC50值为10μM[5]。用1mg/ml浓度的Anemoside B4处理Raw 264.7细胞24小时可显著抑制细胞活力、诱导细胞凋亡并降低TLR4蛋白表达[6]。
在体内，糖尿病大鼠经腹腔注射Anemoside B4（5mg/kg；每日两次）连续8周后，血糖和甘油三酯水平显著降低，肾脏损伤得到改善[7]。实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）小鼠每日口服Anemoside B4（200mg/kg/day）连续18天，可减轻疾病严重程度，并抑制脊髓炎症反应和脱髓鞘病变[8]。