Ampicillin sodium is a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Ampicillin inhibits the growth of E. coli of swine origin in a dose-dependent manner. The effective inhibitory concentration of Ampicillin was 2.5 uG/mL[1].
Ampicillin is very effective in alleviating the symptoms of hemorrhagic enteritis in a 11-week old pig[1]. Ampicillin produces maximum concentrations in bile twice as high as in serum. The peak concentration of ampicillin after an oral dose is as twice as high in portal blood as in peripheral blood[2]. Ampicillin provides neuroprotection against ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. Ampicillin reduces the activities of MMPs and increases the expression level of GLT-1. Pretreatment with ampicillin significantly reduces medial hippocampal cell death following global forebrain ischemia[3].
氨苄青霉素钠是一种广谱β-内酰胺类抗生素，对多种革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌有效。
氨苄青霉素剂量依赖性地抑制了猪源大肠杆菌的生长。氨苄青霉素的有效抑菌浓度为2.5微克/毫升[1]。
氨苄青霉素对11周龄猪的出血性肠炎症状具有很好的缓解作用[1]。氨苄青霉素在胆汁中的峰值浓度是血清的两倍。口服后，氨苄青霉素在门静脉血中的峰值浓度是外周血的两倍[2]。氨苄青霉素对缺血再灌注性脑损伤具有神经保护作用。氨苄青霉素降低了MMPs的活性并增加了GLT-1的表达水平。氨苄青霉素预处理显著减少了全脑前动脉缺血后中央海马细胞死亡[3]。
References:
[1]. Chopra SL, et al. Effect of Ampicillin on E. Coli of Swine Origin. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci. 1963 Sep;27(9):223-7.
[2]. Lund B, et al. Ampicillin in portal and peripheral blood and bile after oral administration of ampicillin andpivampicillin. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1974;7(2):133-5.
[3]. Lee KE, et al. The neuroprotective mechanism of ampicillin in a mouse model of transient forebrain ischemia. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Mar;20(2):185-92.