24(S),25-epoxy Cholesterol is an oxysterol and the most abundant oxysterol in mouse ventral midbrain. [1] It activates liver X receptors (LXRs) in the developing ventral midbrain to induce stem cell differentiation into dopaminergic neurons. 24(S),25-epoxy Cholesterol inhibits IL-6 production and degranulation of bone marrow-derived murine mast cells that express LXRβ.[2] It inhibits the conversion of demosterol to cholesterol by 3β-hydroxysterol δ24-reductase (DHCR24/Seladin-1) in CHO-7 and SRD-1 cells when used at a concentration of 2.5 μM. [3]
Reference:
[1]. Broccoli, V., and Caiazzo, M. Nuclear receptors: Oxysterols detour to neurodevelopment. Nat. Chem. Biol. 9(2), 70-71 (2013).
[2]. Nunomura, S., Endo, K., Makishima, M., et al. Oxysterol represses high-affinity IgE receptor-stimulated mast cell activation in Liver X receptor-dependent and -independent manners. FEBS Lett. 584(6), 1143-1148 (2010).
[3]. Zerenturk, E.J., Kristiana, I., Gill, S., et al. The endogenous regulator 24(S),25-epoxycholesterol inhibits cholesterol synthesis at DHCR24 (Seladin-1). Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1821(9), 1269-1277 (2012).