(±)-Nornicotine-d4 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of (±)-nornicotine by GC- or LC-MS. (±)-Nornicotine is an active metabolite of nicotine and a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist.1 It induces currents in Xenopus oocytes expressing human α7 nAChRs or α6 subunit-containing nAChRs (EC50s = 17 and 3.7 µM, respectively). (±)-Nornicotine promotes cell migration and destabilizes cell-cell junctions in EA.hy926 endothelial cells.2 It is self-administered in rats.3,4
1.Papke, R.L., Dwoskin, L.P., and Crooks, P.A.The pharmacological activity of nicotine and nornicotine on nAChRs subtypes: Relevance to nicotine dependence and drug discoveryJ. Neurochem.101(1)160-167(2007) 2.Gagat, M., Grzanka, D., Izdebska, M., et al.Nornicotine impairs endothelial cell-cell adherens junction complexes in EA.hy926 cell line via structural reorganization of F-actinFolia Histochem. Cytobiol.51(3)179-192(2013) 3.Bardo, M.T., Green, T.A., Crooks, P.A., et al.Nornicotine is self-administered intravenously by ratsPsychopharmacology (Berl)146(3)290-296(1999) 4.Hoffman, A.C., and Evans, S.E.Abuse potential of non-nicotine tobacco smoke components: Acetaldehyde, nornicotine, cotinine, and anabasineNicotine Tob. Res.15(3)622-632(2013)