1-Octadecyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphate (1-Octadecyl LPA) is a LPA analog containing stearyl alcohol at the sn-1 position. LPA binds to one of five different G protein-linked receptors to mediate a variety of biological responses including cell proliferation, smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, neurite retraction, and cell motility.1,2 Alkyl ether-linked LPA derivatives have a higher platelet aggregating activity than the acyl derivatives, most likely stemming from an alkyl-specific LPA receptor. For example, 1-octadecyl LPA has platelet aggregating activity with an EC50 value of 9 nM versus an EC50 value of 177 nM for 1-octadecanoyl LPA.3
References:
[1]. Noguchi, K., Ishii, S., and Shimizu, T.Identification of p2y9/GPR23 as a novel G protein-coupled receptor for lysophosphatidic acid, structurally distant from the Edg familyJ. Biol. Chem.278(28)25600-25606(2003).
[2]. Moolenaar, W.H.LPA: A novel lipid mediator with diverse biological actionsTrends Cell Biol.4(6)213-219(1994).
[3]. Tokumura, A., Sinomiya, J., Kishimoto, S., et al.Human platelets respond differentially to lysophosphatidic acids having a highly unsaturated fatty acyl group and alkyl ether-linked lysophosphatidic acidsBiochem. J.365(Pt 3)617-628(2002).